Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1)

Available in 5mg & 10mg Lyophilized Vials

The Master Immune Modulator | T-Cell Maturation & TLR Signaling Agent

The 4Balance Codex: The immunological conductor. A highly conserved, naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide that acts as a biological response modifier. It governs the maturation of progenitor T-cells into functional fighters, activates innate immunity via Toll-like receptors, and restores homeostatic balance to disordered immune responses.

Product Overview

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue (thymosin fraction 5). It is perhaps the most widely studied thymic peptide in history.

Tα1 is distinct in immunological research because it functions not as a blunt immune stimulant, but as a "biological response modifier" or modulator. Its primary role in biological systems is to train and regulate the immune system, ensuring an appropriate response to threats without tipping into excessive inflammation. 4Balance Peptides offers this essential research agent in standard 5mg vials and high-concentration 10mg vials for diverse immunological protocols.

Mechanism of Action: The Adaptive & Innate Bridge

Tα1’s value in research stems from its pleiotropic (multi-pathway) effects on both the innate and adaptive immune systems:

1. T-Cell Maturation & Differentiation: The thymus gland is the training ground for T-cells. Tα1 is the critical signal that induces the maturation of immature progenitor cells (thymocytes) into functional, mature T-cells (such as CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic "killer" cells). Without this signal, the adaptive immune system cannot effectively identify and eliminate pathogens or infected cells.

2. Activation of Innate Immunity via TLRs: Modern research has identified that Tα1 acts directly on Toll-like receptors (specifically TLR9 and TLR2) found on dendritic cells and other innate immune cells. This signaling pathway alerts the innate immune system to danger, enhancing the body's first line of defense against viral and bacterial threats.

3. Enhancing Natural Killer (NK) Cell Activity: Studies show Tα1 increases the activity of NK cells, which are crucial for recognizing and destroying virally infected cells and early-stage neoplastic (cancerous) cells.

4. Modulation of Cytokines & Inflammation: Tα1 is unique in its ability to balance cytokine profiles. It can upregulate necessary anti-viral cytokines (like IFN-γ and IL-2) when the immune system is suppressed. Conversely, in models of "cytokine storms" or sepsis, Tα1 has been shown to dampen excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, helping to prevent immune-mediated tissue damage.

Primary Research Applications

In the 4Balance Research Array, Thymosin Alpha-1 is a foundational agent for studies focusing on immune restoration and modulation:

• Chronic Viral Infection Models: Extensively researched in models of chronic Hepatitis B and C, HIV, and influenza for its ability to reinvigorate exhausted T-cell populations.

• Cancer Immunotherapy Research: Investigated as an adjuvant to chemotherapy or radiation in murine models to mitigate immune suppression and enhance anti-tumor immune surveillance.

• Vaccine Adjuvant Studies: Used in research to boost vaccine efficacy, particularly in models of aging (immunosenescence) or immunocompromise where vaccine response is typically poor.

• Sepsis and Immune Paralysis: Studying its ability to reverse sepsis-induced immunosuppression and restore immune balance.

Technical Specifications

• Compound Name: Thymosin α1 Acetate

• Sequence: Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn-OH

• Molecular Formula: C₁₂₉H₂₁₅N₃₃O₅₅

• Molar Mass: 3108.3 g/mol

• Available Sizes: 5mg / 10mg vials

• Format: Lyophilized Powder

• Purity: ≥99% (HPLC Verified)

• Solubility: Water Soluble (Requires Bacteriostatic Water).

• Storage: Store lyophilized at -20°C. Protect from light.

DISCLAIMER: FOR LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. This product is a laboratory reagent intended strictly for in-vitro and in-vivo research and development. It is not a drug, dietary supplement, or treatment for any medical condition. NOT for human consumption, veterinary use, or therapeutic application. Bodily introduction of any kind is strictly prohibited by law. Buyer assumes all responsibility for applicable regulations and appropriate use in a research setting.